2000 - 2009 Eureka Prize winners

10 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2000

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Richard Kocsis, NSW Police Academy

For Criminal Psychological Profilers, Police Officers and Psychics: who are the best detectives?, a study which seeks to identify the abilities that contribute to proficient performance in criminal psychological profiling, by comparing the accuracy of psychological profiles for a closed murder case generated by groups differing primarily in characteristics posited to underlie the profiling process.

Institution of Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Innovation

Yuri Obst

For determination and ingenuity in R&D, particularly in relation to environmental matters, and for development of the Continuous Self-Cleaning Filter, a new dimension in continuous filtration technology which represents a major scientific and engineering discovery. Development of this technology into a new self-cleaning industrial water filter launched for the marketplace under the BALEEN trademark offers the potential to revolutionise Australian food manufacture.

Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Education Program

Australian Master TreeGrower, Department of Forestry and University of Melbourne

A participatory program for farmers active in revegetation, farm forestry and remnant forest management. The program involves the selected farmers in 8 days of education and skills-based training spread over 2 months in order to increase their knowledge and skills in forestry and regional revegetation.

POL Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Dr Brian Cooke, CSIRO

For research over 30 years which combined an unsurpassed knowledge of rabbit biology and ecology with diligent, dedicated and innovative research and effective advocacy, with the singular aim of reducing the devastating environmental impact of the European wild rabbit in semi-arid regions of Australia. The culmination of this research - the success of Rabbit Calcivirus Disease in the near complete control of rabbit populations throughout vast regions of central Australia – is arguably the single most important contribution to the pastoral industry and sustainable development of Australia's heartland in five decades.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Industry

Vermitech Pty Ltd

For Worm Power - the industrialisation of vermiculture – which melds the sciences of agronomy, microbiology, entomology and zoology with the applied fields of chemical, mechanical, structural and civil engineering to develop an industrial scale vermiculture system for the total beneficiation of biosolds and sewerage.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Dr Richard Bryant, UNSW

For research aimed to bring scientific direction, rather than assumptions, to understanding and managing people who have experienced a traumatic event. The findings have opened the door for early treatment programs.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Environment Australia Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

David White, 2Day FM

For The Pulse of the Planet, a comprehensive environment campaign designed to empower listeners to enact change by demonstrating the key roles individuals can play. Launched in 1994, this campaign involves daily “Word on the Environment” news segments, an annual radio/web broadcast on World Environment Day and an annual award to people taking action to help save urban ecosystems.

First broadcast on 2Day FM on 5 June and throughout 1999

Industry, Science and Resources Eureka Prize for the Promotion of Science

Joint winners

Mr Ian Anderson, ScienceNow!

Awarded posthumously for using his experience as Australian editor of NewScientist to lead the development of ScienceNOW! the National Science Forum, which brings leading edge science directly to the media, students and the general public.

and

Robyn Stutchbury, Australian Science Communicators

For development and expansion of Science in the Pub, an innovative and entertaining program which takes science, scientists and scientific issues to members of the wider community in a manner and informal setting which demystifies science and humanises scientists. Since its inception in February 1998, Science in the Pub has expanded with sessions broadcast on ABC Radio National and establishment of a SciPub website. In 2000 the launch of Science in the Pub goes Outback takes the program into new and unchartered waters.

Industry, Science and Resources Michael Daley Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Andrew Waterworth, Beyond Productions

For The Human Journey, a three-part television series which brings to life the story of human evolution as proposed by the “out of Africa” theorists. The series broke new ground in both style and content, mixing re-recreation, filming at original sites and computer graphics to take the audience on an incredible journey into their past.

Broadcast on ABC TV on 4, 11 and 18 January 2000

SCHOOL SCIENCE

University of Sydney Eureka Schools Prize for Biological Sciences

Year 10 and 11 students, Albany Creek High School, Qld.

For their study of intertidal fauna in mudflats in Moreton Bay. The study, undertaken with funding support through the Commonwealth Government's Coastcare program, demonstrated that pollutants were causing a decline in macrobenthic organisms at Nudgee Beach and Dynah Island beach, resulting in a decline in wader bird populations.

13 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2001

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Dr John Woinarski, Northern Territory Parks & Wildlife Commission

For a program of research leading to the implementation of a systematic approach to biodiversity conservation in the Northern Territory.

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Dr Tim van Gelder, University of Melbourne

For research questioning the effectiveness of current critical thinking courses and developing an alternative approach for schools.

Institution of Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Innovation

Baulderstone Hornibrook and Connell Wagner

For the modelling, development and implementation of the Patawalonga Seawater Circulation and Stormwater Outlet venturi gravity solution.

Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Education Program

The Gould League

For Wildscape, an innovative website which helps schools plan and undertake simple ‘real life’ projects to attract wildlife and increase biodiversity in their school grounds.

POL Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Dr Richard Kingsford, NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service

For ground-breaking and innovative research addressing the ecological crisis in rivers of arid Australia.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Industry

Minerals Council of Australia

For the creation of the Minerals Tertiary Education program which encourages cooperation between universities and the minerals industry to provide enhanced education opportunities for students and graduates of geoscience, mining engineering and metallurgy.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Dr Brett Neilan, UNSW

For innovative research designed to enable the rapid and unambiguous identification of toxic cyanobacteria in water and sediments.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Environment Australia Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Simon Benson

For an impressive body of work investigating a broad range of critical environmental issues.

Published in the Daily Telegraph, February 2000 to January 2001

Industry, Science and Resources Eureka Prize for the Promotion of Science

Dr John Long, Western Australian Museum

For exceptional performance in public promotion of science through a diverse range of activities.

Industry, Science and Resources Michael Daley Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Leigh Dayton, Paul Schneller and Chris Spurr

For 'Unearthing Evil', a report on the role of classic archaeology in investigating alleged war crimes.

Broadcast on Quantum, ABC TV, 1 June 2000

Reed New Holland Eureka Science Book Prize

Professor Patricia Vickers-Rich and Dr Thomas H Rich

For Dinosaurs of Darkness, published by Indiana University Press.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

University of Sydney Eureka Schools Prize for Biological Sciences

Ling S-L., Rose Bay High, Tas.

For Exposing the True Colours of Tasmanian Eucalypts, a website examining the commercial potential of dyes extracted from Tasmanian eucalypt.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Year 11 and 12 students, Newton Moore Senior High School, WA

For Looking good…from a frog’s point of view, a website focusing on the health of school wetlands.

18 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2002

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Dr Bob Pressey, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service

For innovative research using novel analysis of biodiversity data and development of decision-support software to revolutionise the identification of priority areas for nature conservation.

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Dr Robert Morrison, Adelaide University

For Trust Me, I'm a Science Communicator – a study examining how the mechanics and requirements of successful science communication bias science communication towards the sensational, speculative, hyperbolic and even fanciful.

Institution of Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Innovation

Professor Robert Amin, Curtin University of Technology

For development of LNG Micro-Cell technology which enables the conversion of natural gas (LNG) in small-scale production by means of an innovative transportable refrigeration system.

Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Education Program

Teaching & Learning for a Sustainable Future, Griffith University for UNESCO

A free-of-charge, multimedia teacher education program providing 100 hours of highly interactive professional development for use in pre- and in-service teacher education.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Associate Professor Eric Kennedy and Associate Professor Bogdan Dlugogorski, University of Newcastle

For innovative research which enables ozone-depleting substances, especially CFCs, to be converted into environmentally benign compounds with an inherent economic value.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Industry

The Eco Manufacturing Centre, Fuji Xerox Australia

For establishing itself as a world leader in the development of ecologically sustainable remanufacturing solutions for Fuji Xerox Australia, utilises technology to extend the life of a product while creating quality products and reducing waste to landfill.

Australian Computer Society Eureka Prize for ICT Innovation

faceLAB Project, Seeing Machines

For development of faceLAB, a turnkey system for non-intrusive, robust, real-time face and gaze tracking which uses complex vision processing algorithms to passively measure 3D head position and gaze direction.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Dr Jeremy Moss, University of Melbourne

For research analysing central ethical concepts such as personal responsibility, fairness and mutuality contained in the Australian Government's ‘Mutual Obligation Scheme’.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Dr Elizabeth Harry, University of Sydney

For leading-edge research into how bacterial cells regulate where and when division will take place to ensure accurate partitioning of chromosomes between newborn cells, thus facilitating the design of novel antibiotics.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Institution of Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Journalism

Peter Lewis

For a series of reports detailing the successful application of engineering solutions to a range of diverse challenges facing Australia's agri-business.

Broadcast on Landline, ABC TV, April – December 2001

Environment Australia Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

The North to Nowhere Team, The Wimmera-Mail Times

For North to Nowhere – a comprehensive investigative series on the health and environs of the Wimmera River which profoundly influenced public opinion, generated strong community response and achieved practical results.

Published in The Wimmera Mail-Times, 9 January – 6 February 2002

Pfizer Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Gene Journey Team, The Age

For The Gene Journey, a comprehensive investigative series which identifies, explains and explores contentious and important social, legal, ethical, commercial and religious issues raised by the successful decoding of the human genome.

Published in The Age, 28, 29 and 30 May 2001

Education, Science and Training Eureka Prize for the Promotion of Science

Professor Ian Lowe, Griffith University

For outstanding commitment, originality and innovation in the communication of science and technology issues with a clarity, depth and passion that compels interest.

Education, Science and Training Michael Daley Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Dr Norman Swan and Katrina Bolton

For The Case of Professor Hall, a news-breaking, investigative report on scientific misconduct by Professor Bruce Hall.

Broadcast on Science Show, ABC Radio National, 13 and 20 April 2002

Reed New Holland Eureka Science Book Prize

Professor Ian Plimer

For 'A Short History of Planet Earth', published by ABC Books.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

University of Sydney Faculty of Science Eureka Schools Prize for Biological Sciences

Ling S-L., Rosny College, Tas.

Tadpoles and the Environment: a project investigating the effects of salinity, population density, and species inhibition on the growth, survival and metamorphosis of three Tasmanian tadpole species.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Matilda-Jane O., Mercedes College, WA

The effects of iron oxide dust on the growth of young marri trees. A research project measuring the effect of varying dust loads on the growth of young eucalypt trees.

Adam Spencer/University of Sydney Eureka Schools Prize for Lateral Thinking

Sandun A. and Peter C., Mount Waverley Secondary College, Vic.

Essay: an action plan, including mandatory science classes and mandatory random participation in human science experiments, to overcome the problems facing Australia through lack of commitment to research and development.

21 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2003

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Birds Australia

For the development of Atlas of Australian Birds, one of the largest voluntary nature-conservation projects ever undertaken. The Atlas, based on over four million records of birds collected by over 7,000 volunteers using new methodology, is the largest continental bird atlas dataset in the world.

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Professor Brendan McKay, Australian National University

For a body of mathematical research that provides an effective refutation to claims that the Hebrew Bible contains hidden messages that could be extracted by computer (the so-called ‘Bible Codes’).

Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Innovation

John Dobozy, Molectra Technologies Pty Ltd

For the development of revolutionary patented technology for extracting valuable materials from waste tyres in an economically and environmentally beneficial way. The process reclaims all tyre components cleanly and efficiently without waste, residue or emissions. The recovered products include diesel oil, jet fuel and activated carbon.

EPA Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Education Program

EcoRecycle Waste Wise Schools Program, EcoRecyle Victoria and the Gould League

A highly effective, action-based program that assists schools to minimise waste, reduce litter and save money through meaningful integrated learning opportunities. By offering substantial support for schools to develop and run their own waste and litter programs, covering both curriculum and school operating practices, the program has led to significant long-term changes in resource use by schools, students and their families.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Climate Impacts Group, CSIRO

For providing, since the 1980s, innovative and authoritative assessments of the likely impact of global climate change for Australia, with applications spanning a wide range of activities, sectors and regions, and underpinning national and international adaptation and mitigation strategies.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Industry

Wireless Monitors Australia Pty Ltd

For conceiving and developing the Cent-A-Meter Wireless Electricity Monitor - a low-cost unit that measures domestic electricity use and displays the cost per hour, power consumption and equivalent greenhouse gas generated, and indoor ambient temperature and humidity on a portable display located inside the home. This real-time utility monitor located at the source of consumption provides consumers with instant feedback on the cost of operating appliances in the home and assists them in making informed decisions about energy savings.

Australian Computer Society Eureka Prize for ICT Innovation

Peter Mahony, Powerhouse Museum

For development of Soundbyte.org, the first complete online musical portal that provides electronic access to an array of music resources for teachers, students and young people.

British Council Eureka Prize For Inspiring Science

Warwick Bowen and Dr Ping Koy Lam, Australian National University

For successfully implementing teleportation of an information carrying laser beam, showing experimentally that simple quantum limits can be avoided and that teleportation is possible, and communicating this research both nationally and internationally.

Royal Societies of Australia Eureka Prize for Interdisciplinary Scientific Research

Professor Peter Robinson and Dr Evian Gordon, University of Sydney; Dr Chris Rennie, Westmead Hospital; and Professor James Wright, Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria

For outstanding and ground-breaking research resulting in the development of the first successful model of generation of brain electrical activity.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Craig Fry, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre

For an innovative research program that explores key applied and theoretical questions for ethics in public health in Australia. The research focuses on the special case of substance misuse to illustrate the need for development of ethical standards in public health, and proposes a framework for achieving this.

GRDC Eureka Prize for Research to Improve the Environmental Sustainability of Grain Growing

Dr Ted Lefroy, Dr Christine Davies and David Waugh, CSIRO and University of Western Australia

For ground-breaking, innovative research which seeks to domesticate an Australian native grass to produce Australia's first perennial grain crop. Perennial (long-lived) grain crops offer a new solution to the problems of dryland salinity and soil erosion, both by-products of the annual cultivation of short-lived crop plants.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Associate Professor Levon Khachigian, UNSW

For highly innovative research that has dramatically increased our understanding of the fundamental molecular mechanisms that lead to the inappropriate expression of harmful genes in vascular cells, and for developing novel DNA-based drugs that block arterial renarrowing after balloon angioplasty and solid tumour growth.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Journalism

Andrew Holland

For Firestorm, a special report about the Canberra bushfire inferno of 2002, which defied the known rules of bushfire behaviour and caused more damage than ever imagined possible. The report follows a team of combustive engineers as they searched for explanations.

Broadcast on Catalyst, ABC TV, 27 February 2003

Environment Australia Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Nick Grimm

For an impressive body of work communicating environmental issues to the public. Grimm’s reports, especially on the Wentworth Group, helped re-direct the course of the national environmental debate, stimulated governments to re-examine and amend their environmental polices, and encouraged a new dialogue between environmentalists, rural landholders and managers, the scientific community and government.

Broadcast on AM and The World Today, ABC Radio, August 2002 - April 2003

Pfizer Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Daniel Williams

For overall journalistic performance through two reports: Chance and Inspiration, which broke the story of an apparent research breakthrough in the treatment of multiple sclerosis by Sydney neurologist Dan Milder, and Rays of Hope, an in-depth look at the latest advances in research for the prevention and treatment of skin cancer.

Published in TIME magazine, 3 June and 11 November 2002

Education, Science and Training Eureka Prize for the Promotion of Science

Dr Cathy Foley, CSIRO

For outstanding passion and dedication to science promotion, including the promotion of women in science. For almost two decades, Dr Foley has worked to bring science and science related issues to the attention of an enormously diverse and large segment of the public thorough numerous talks to schools and community groups, television appearances and regular radio segments.

Education, Science and Training Michael Daley Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Sonya Pemberton

For Alien Underworld, a documentary that, through extraordinary visualisation, takes the viewer on a journey of scientific discovery as geologist Dr Philippa Uwins struggles to convince the international scientific community that 'Nanobes', organisms ten times smaller than any known organism, are alive and may hold the key to the mystery of life itself.

Broadcast on ABC TV, 21 August 2002

Reed New Holland Eureka Science Book Prize

John Gooderham and Edward Tsyrlin

For The Waterbug Book published by CSIRO Publishing.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

University of Sydney Faculty of Science Eureka Schools Prize for Biological Sciences

James T., Beverly T., Sophie B., Bojana S., Stephen R., Tim M., Yagan M., Alex J. and Rebecca W., Shenton College, WA

For research into the impact of the Western Australian environment on the germination and growth of a range of Western Australian native plant species.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Ryan B., Keebra Park State High School, Qld.

For research which compares a solar furnace to a solar cell of the same operational surface area as the basis for investigating whether a solar furnace would be suitable for use in water desalination.

Adam Spencer/University of Sydney Eureka Schools Prize for Lateral Thinking

Janak R., Rachael T., and Lisa L., Baulkham Hills High School, NSW

An action plan to address drug use by young people, involving Virtual Reality experiences of drug addition, a “wake up call” reality TV show and the seizure of drug dealer assets to fund graphic anti-drug campaigns.

22 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2004

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Botanic Gardens Trust Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority

For the Representative Areas Program (RAP), one of the most exciting recent advances in the systematic protection of marine biodiversity. RAP combines research into habitat and community diversity with ecological processes, reserve design and software technologies to aid in the selection and protection of ‘representative’ examples of the entire range of marine habitats within a network of highly protected areas. It has contributed to an increase in highly protected ‘no-take’ zones from under 5% to over 30% of the Marine Park.

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Cheryl Capra, Albany Hills State Primary School, Qld.

For development of Touching the Future - educating children towards a rational view of their world, an intellectually challenging science program of experimentation, visiting scientists and real life critical thinking applications to harness students’ curiosity. Since the program’s launch in 2000, students’ demonstrated ability to “seek the evidence” or a scientific basis for everyday assumptions is guiding them towards a rational future.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Dr Geoff Rigby, Reninna Pty Ltd; Alan Taylor, Alan H. Taylor & Associates; and Dr Gustaaf Hallegraeff, University of Tasmania

For research addressing one of the most intractable yet critical problems of exotic species introduction in Australia and globally – preventing translocation and introduction of harmful marine organisms via ship’s ballast water. Since the late 1980’s, the team has worked to profile the problem and develop and promote feasible solutions that are now embodied in national and international regulations.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Industry

Plantic Technologies Ltd.

For the development and manufacture of Plantic, one of the most significant advances in packaging technology of the past decade. Plantic is a biodegradable plastic made from plants - primarily from a non-genetically modified variety of corn starch – and dissolves on direct contact with water. Plantic is cost competitive with traditional petrochemical based plastics, requires less energy in the manufacturing processes, is made from renewable materials, produces no toxic by-products and has a known end life that leads to full biodegradation in almost any environment. The company will be immortalised by having a newly discovered species of long-legged fly species named after them - Krakatauia planticorum.

Australian Computer Society Eureka Prize for ICT Innovation

Optical Fibre Technology Centre, University of Sydney

For breakthrough technology and research resulting in the first ever fabrication of microstructured polymer optical fibres - a new type of optical fibre with the potential to dramatically transform optical telecommunication technologies, particularly in short distance applications including local area networks, fibre to the home and even chip to chip communication.

British Council Eureka Prize for Inspiring Science

Peter Abolfathi, Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney

For development and design of a portable Rehabilitation Glove, a specialised and revolutionary device incorporating movement driven by new technology and controlled by a unique biofeedback system. The glove allows advanced therapy to be applied to people whose hand function has been compromised by spinal injury, surgery or disease and enables a functional hand grasp to be restored to damaged and paralysed hands.

Royal Societies of Australia Eureka Prize for Interdisciplinary Scientific Research

Vision Cooperative Research Centre

For revolutionary research into development of an implantable contact lens as a simpler and less invasive alternative to refractive surgery for correction of long and short-sightedness. The research is creating a quantum leap in the development of contact lens technology and changing the way people think about the future of vision correction.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Dr Justin Oakley, Monash University and Dr Steve Clarke, Australian National University and Charles Stuart University

For research that shows how ethical considerations such as respect for autonomy, informed consent, and professional accountability, establish that comparative information on the clinical performance of individual surgeons should be made available to patients. The research reinforces moves to develop greater transparency in the practice of health care.

GRDC Eureka Prize for Research to Improve the Environmental Sustainability of Graingrowing

Dr Christopher Franco, Dr Justin Coombs, Philip Michelsen and Vanessa Conn, Flinders University and Dr Margaret Roper, CSIRO

For innovative and exciting research into the use of natural microbial resources (endophytic actinomycetes) as a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides and pesticides to control plant diseases and increase the grain yields in cereal crops. By departing from conventional wisdom concerning biological control agents, the research represents a major breakthrough in biological control of cereal root diseases, with the promise of wide application in sustainable farming systems.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Dr Sabina Belli, University of Technology, Sydney

For ground-breaking research that has discovered the molecular basis for the development of the protective cyst wall surrounding the infective stage of apicomplexan parasites (a wall that is vital for their survival and enables transmission of the parasite from host to host) and has identified potential targets for the control of infection with these pathogens. The research may open the way for new vaccines and drugs against debilitating diseases such as malaria and encephalitis.

Department of Environment and Conservation Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Sustainability Education

Living Smart, The Meeting Place Community Centre, City of Freemantle; Murdoch University; and Southern Metropolitan Regional Council.

The Living Smart program is an innovative and comprehensive community environmental education program that aims to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to improve the sustainability of their lifestyles in the context of their home and their neighbourhood. Living Smart operates as a multi-week program and includes sustainability information, workshops, goal-setting, incentives and field trips.

Land & Water Australia Eureka Prize for Water Research

Ivor Stuart, Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment and Alan Williams, Goulburn Murray Water

For innovative research leading to the development of the Carp Jumping Cage, a remarkably successful technology which separates non-native carp from native fish using the highly migratory behaviour and jumping ability of carp. The technology provides a new, practical and low cost option in effective carp management, with consequent beneficial impacts for aquatic biodiversity and ecosystems.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Engineers Australia Eureka Prize for Engineering Journalism

David Salt, Materials Monthly

For Materials Monthly, a monthly newsletter of the ANU Centre for Science and Engineering of Materials researched, written and designed by David Salt that presents materials science and engineering issues in a comprehensible, relevant and interesting manner for both materials scientists and engineers and the general public.

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Ticky Fullerton, Linda Carroll, Anne Connolly, Jo Puccini, Peter Cronau and Sarah Curnow

For 3 provoking reports on issues of national significance – the fate of Tasmania’s forests, the hidden agendas driving waste recycling and the fight for precious water resources. These investigative reports expose a common struggle with sustainability, revealing the complexities and unresolved tensions between the environment, consumers and powerful corporate stakeholders. Collectively, they signal a clear and present danger to Australia’s landscape.

Broadcast on Four Corners, ABC TV

Pfizer Australia Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Sophie Scott

For overall journalistic performance through regular and wide-ranging stories that, presented in a balanced, fair, scientifically accurate and creative manner, have had a major impact by providing information about the latest clinical trials, treatments and diagnostic techniques.

Broadcast on 7.00pm News, ABC TV

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Dr Kenneth Baldwin, Australian National University

For his role in conceiving and championing the now annual Science meets Parliament event in Canberra, a major science promotion event that brings together hundreds of scientists and Federal Parliamentarians to discuss science and its applications in society. Dr Baldwin has been a tireless advocate of Science meets Parliament activities, ensuring this synergistic exchange of ideas enhances science awareness and informs decision making on issues of vital importance to Australia's future.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Sonya Pemberton

For Genius of Junk, a revealing and moving account of how, in a stroke of extraordinary and controversial foresight, Australian scientist Dr Malcolm Simons defied conventional wisdom and patented the use of 95% of the DNA of almost every species on earth. Using evocative images and outstanding 3D animations, the program simply and effectively communicates the science of so-called ‘Junk’ DNA, and sparked an international debate on ownership of such genetic material.

Broadcast on Catalyst, ABC TV

Reed New Holland Eureka Science Book Prize

David Ellyard

For a manuscript that provides an absorbing, easy paced insight into the big discoveries and ideas in science as they have developed over the last 500 years, and into the times and the people that created them.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

Holmes à Court Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Ann Burke, Marist Regional College, Tas.

For passion and commitment in the promotion of curiosity-driven research through mentoring and supervising student research groups in extra-curricular, enrichment activity and programs, through direction of the first Science Research Fair at Marist Regional College in 2003 and for unflagging enthusiasm in driving science discovery programs that have brought students’ research to the attention of the scientific community.

University of Sydney Faculty of Science Eureka Schools Prize for Biological Sciences

David L., Great Lakes College, Tuncurry Senior Campus, NSW

For research assessing the toxicity on naturally occurring aquatic fauna of introduced weeds that occur along the banks of rivers and ponds in New South Wales.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Anna Z., Keebra Park State High School, Qld.

Tallow-wood trees (eucalyptus microcorys) are common in dry schellorphyll forests and sub-tropical rainforests. In these habitats epiphytes cling to the trunk of almost every tree – except tallowwoods. The research discovered an easily extractable allelopathic chemical produced by the bark of tallow-wood trees that causes abnormal, stunted root growth in both monocotyledons and dicotyledons, offering the tantalising prospect of development a natural herbicide.

Adam Spencer/University of Sydney Eureka Schools Prize for Lateral Thinking

Gabe R., Leo K., Rory C., Andrew C., Austin W., and Ben C., Murwillumbah High School, NSW

A proposal to reduce motor vehicle fatalities by adapting new technology into smart “SafeT” cars – with automatic sensors to reduce speed to posted limits and in light of weather conditions and to account for driver fatigue as measured by eye scanning technology. Car ignition will be locked if the driver fails an in-car breathalyser test.

24 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2005

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Botanic Gardens Trust Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Professor Mark Burgman, University of Melbourne

For developing and applying quantitative methods of risk assessment to conservation. Dr Burgman’s statistical and mathematical modeling provides a way of making decisions that are better informed by science and less affected by arbitrary interpretations, preferences and motivations of participants, at the same time as providing a way for stakeholder opinions to social outcomes to be considered.

NSW Ministry for Science and Medical Research Eureka Prize for Bioinformatics Research

Dr Antonio Reverter, CSIRO

For the development of novel statistical, mathematical and computational models for the bioinformatics analysis of large-scale gene expression datasets resulting from biotechnology applications to Australian livestock species.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Business Innovation

Dick Davies, CEO Partnerships

For outstanding leadership in the globalisation of strategic research alliances in the mineral industries through the transformation of a national industrial research association into AMIRA International, a body of major international status; and for creating high level strategic alliances between all the world’s major mineral houses and Australian and other world class research institutions, benefiting both industry and researchers with significant economic returns.

Australian Skeptics Eureka Prize for Critical Thinking

Professor David Henry, University of Newcastle and Amanda Wilson, Newcastle Institute of Public Health

For Media Doctor, a web site aimed at improving the quality of medical news stories in the mainstream media. Its mission is to increase the accuracy in reporting scientific aspects of medical research and to expose pseudo-science, which is a common basis of spurious claims about new medical treatments.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Dr Rod Fensham and Russell Fairfax, Queensland Herbarium and Environmental Protection Agency

For innovative biodiversity and woodland dynamics research that provided the drive behind a range of conservation measures to protect native vegetation threatened by land clearing. This research underpins the scientific rationale for legislation prohibiting broad scale land clearing in Queensland in 2006.

Australian Computer Society Eureka Prize for ICT Innovation

Professor Jon Patrick, University of Sydney

For development of Scamseek, a language technology computer system for automatic detection of financial scams on the Internet. Scamseek retrieves candidate scam texts from the Internet and, by semantic analysis of the meanings in the text, classifies them as to their potential risk of containing a financial scam. The savings compared to a human analyst’s time and efficiency in this monitoring role is the order of 100-fold.

British Council Eureka Prize for Inspiring Science

Dr Tony Hannan, University of Melbourne

For research that has shown that in mice, brain disorders, even inherited ones like Huntington's disease, can be affected by environmental factors. Clinicians have now found similar evidence in a large family study of humans.

Royal Societies of Australia Eureka Prize for Interdisciplinary Scientific Research

Astrobiology Research Team, UNSW and Macquarie University

For pioneering research on the stromatolites (living rocks) of Western Australia. These formations are analogs of the earliest life on Earth. This research has dramatically enhanced our understanding of these complex biological systems at multiple levels, impacting on a wide range of fields, including evolution, molecular biology, geology, paleobiology, computational biology, and biotechnology.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Associate Professor James Franklin, UNSW

For research that defends an objectivist ethic based on the worth of persons, at both pure and applied levels. Combining Australian realist philosophy with older natural law theory, the research argues that the essentials of ethics are as objectively true as the truths of mathematics. Australian writings on ethics are surveyed from this perspective and the consequences drawn for applied topics such as accountancy.

Voiceless Eureka Prize for Research which Replaces the Use of Animal Products

Dr Alecia Jenkins, University of Melbourne and St Vincent’s Hospital

For developing a new model to explore the mechanisms of angiogenesis using adult human arteries instead of animal arteries. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from old ones and is important for the treatment of eye diseases, vascular diseases and cancer.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Joint Winners

Professor Veena Sahajwalla, UNSW

For novel research on recycling waste plastics in steelmaking - a revolutionary shift in the process. The research has revealed that carbon from waste plastics significantly increases process efficiencies while having environmental benefits. It has also, with an understanding of refractory reactions and interactions in the continuous steel casting process, challenged established theories and led to advances in refractories and research practices within the steelmaking industry.

and

Dr Peter Tuthill, University of Sydney

For pioneering optics and astronomy experiments which have delivered the highest resolution imaging of celestial bodies ever obtained at infrared wavelengths. The fascinating yet beautiful images produced have revolutionised our view of the birth and death of stars, which occur veiled in dramatic plumes, disks and shells of dust. Despite formidable high-tech competition, this research has set the standard with a modern reincarnation of a 130-year-old experiment know as aperture masking.

Department of Environment and Conservation Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Sustainability Education

Victorian Sustainable Schools Pilot, CERES Community Environment Park and the Gould League

The Victorian Sustainable Schools program envisages schools as demonstration centres of environmental technologies, design, learning and behaviour for local communities, encouraging community based sustainable development across Australia. The Victorian Sustainable Schools Pilot has engaged 160 schools in best practice sustainability education and achieved remarkable environmental, educational and economic outcomes through participation of whole school communities. The Pilot is a joint initiative of the federal Department of the Environment and Heritage and the Victorian Government.

Land & Water Australia Eureka Prize for Water Research

Mike Young and Jim McColl, CSIRO

For developing a framework that combines well-established research findings and insights into a highly innovative framework for improving systems of water rights in Australia. In its various forms, it is now being implemented across the Murray-Darling Basin, and elsewhere.

LEADERSHIP

CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science

Professor Ian Frazer, University of Queensland

For clarity of vision, perseverance and quality leadership in bringing to fruition seminal research into the prevention of cervical cancer, one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. This research was responsible for one of the most important discoveries in Australian science of the past 20 years – the development of a vaccine to the human papillomavirus for the prevention of cervical cancer.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Asa Wahlquist, The Australian

For comprehensive, informative and influential coverage of Australia’s water crisis. This coverage, through breaking news, features and an essay, authoritatively documented the national crisis in both the city and the bush.

Pfizer Australia Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Ian Townsend

For Sick Sperm Syndrome, a radio documentary exploring new research into male infertility. The program confronts the social taboos of male infertility and explores contentious new research into the deterioration of the quality and quantity of semen reported by IVF clinics. The program explores sperm in its personal, social and environmental aspects.

Broadcast on Background Briefing, ABC Radio National, 19 September 2004.

NewScientist Eureka Prize for Photographic Journalism in Science, Technology and the Environment

Barry Slade

For a photographic exploration of the scale and beauty of the ‘Morning Glory’ roll cloud phenomenon experienced in Queensland. This series reveals the air flow patterns of these large amplitude atmospheric waves that pose hazards to aviation, and the gliders that seek out the strong air flows generated.

Published in The Bulletin, April 19, May 10 and 12 2005

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Professor John de Laeter and Professor David Blair, University of Western Australia

For creation of the Gravity Discovery Centre, an inspirational science education centre that combines science with art and cosmology with biodiversity, and which creates awareness of the frontiers of knowledge while providing teachers with educational modules that enrich their knowledge and enable them to give students an intense learning experience.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Deborah Smith, Sydney Morning Herald

For overall journalistic performance reflected in prolific reporting that is consistently accurate, entertaining and of high impact. This prodigious coverage throughout the year on a wide range of science issues and discoveries in news and feature articles included exclusive reports on Homo floresiensis that were followed up around the world.

PEOPLE'S CHOICE

Australian Museum Eureka Prizes People’s Choice Award

Dr Tony Hannan, University of Melbourne

For research that has shown that in mice, brain disorders, even inherited ones like Huntington's disease, can be affected by environmental factors. Clinicians have now found similar evidence in a large family study of humans.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

Holmes à Court Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Graeme Roberts, Leeming Senior High School, WA

For fostering students in their passion for exploring and making sense of the world around them; for giving them the confidence to take risks and reach their potential; for empowering them with the knowledge, skills and values to participate constructively in community-wide discussions and decision-making; and for being an inspiring science teacher.

GRDC Eureka Schools Prize for Agricultural Journalism

Nicola B., All Saints College Bathurst, NSW

For 'There are two sides of the fence; So what side do you take?' an article examining the issues faced when it comes to passing the farm from one generation to the next.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Andrew S., Karabar Distance Education Centre, NSW

For outstanding research investigating the interaction between nutrients and plants within wetlands in order to develop a more efficient artificial wetland system for the treatment of eutrophication in waterways.

University of Sydney Faculty of Science Eureka Sleek Geek Schools Prize

Thomas K., and Sam J., Brisbane State High School, Qld.

For a fun look at the myth of the "Supersonic Fly" which tests how fast a small fly can travel using logical and practical evidence.

21 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2006

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Botanic Gardens Trust Eureka Prize for Biodiversity Research

Professor Rick Shine, University of Sydney

Over a remarkable 30-year career, Rick Shine’s pioneering research has revealed the rich diversity of Australian reptiles. And he has shared his passion with the public through stories of cross-dressing garter snakes and nuclear families in lizard communities. Rick’s outstanding contribution to conservation gives us the knowledge we need to ensure the survival of our unique cold-blooded Australians.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Professor Matthew England and Alex Sen Gupta, Climate and Environmental Dynamics Laboratory; and Dr Michael Dawson, UNSW

Where did that jellyfish come from? What’s happening in our oceans? How do pollutants move through the oceans? And how do invading species spread? Matthew England and his colleagues have the answers. They have created a computer model that can reliably predict ocean circulation. It’s going to be a critical tool in understanding and predicting global climate change. It’s already highlighting the role of ships in spreading invasive ocean pests.

NSW Department of Environment and Conservation Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Sustainability Education

The Home Energy Project, Origin Energy

The Home Energy Project is a comprehensive and innovation educational resource that empowers students, their families and communities to save energy, money and the environment. By using fun, relevant and hands-on activities about home energy efficiency, HEP encourages students to develop creative thinking and environmental consciousness. HEP demonstrates that individuals can make a real difference to their energy use with simple behavioural changes.

NSW Office for Science and Medical Research Jamie Callachor Eureka Prize for Medical Research

Dr Michael Valenzuela, UNSW

Could a crossword a day keep dementia at bay? Michael Valenzuela’s landmark research involving the study of 29,000 people has shown that a lifetime of complex mental activity is associated with an almost 50 per cent reduction in the risk of getting dementia. By combining these results with innovative neuroimaging research, Michael’s work is influencing proposed large-scale clinical trials to test whether structured mental exercises in the elderly can help prevent dementia.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Associate Professor Janna Thompson, University of Melbourne

Are we responsible for the sins of our parents? Should we say “sorry” for past treatment of indigenous people? Janna Thompson’s research provides an ethical basis to discuss these controversial issues. Her book, “Taking responsibility for the past”, explains why members of society have a responsibility for the deeds of their predecessors and provides policy guidelines to address historical injustices.

Voiceless Eureka Prize for Research which Replaces the Use of Animals or Animal Products

Dr Amanda Hayes, Shahnaz Bakand and Associate Professor Chris Winder, UNSW

How toxic is the air we breathe? Traditionally, this question is answered by having animals breathe contaminated air. Now, a team from UNSW has found a better, more humane and cheaper way to test for toxicity, by using human lung cells growing on a membrane.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Christian Weedbrook, University of Queensland; Dr Thomas Symul, ARC Centre for Quantum-Atom Optics; Andrew Lance and Dr Ping Koy Lam, Australian National University

The cryptography we rely on to protect our privacy online is at risk from quantum computers. But the world of quantum physics may also provide the solution tothis threat, by giving us unbreakable secure communications. Researchers at the University of Queensland and ANU have created a faster method of quantum encryption and in the process potentially shaped the future of global information security.

Department of Environment and Conservation Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Sustainability Education

The Home Energy Project, Origin Energy

Energy conservation can start at home! The Home Energy Project developed by Origin Energy is an exciting, comprehensive and innovative resource that provides students with the skills to make a real difference in the energy used in their homes. Through a program involving fun, relevant and hands-on activities, students learn to calculate home energy use and develop energy saving ideas that can be put into practice.

Land & Water Australia Eureka Prize for Water Research

Dr Graeme Batley, Dr Stuart Simpson and Dr Jenny Stauber, CSIRO

Just how dirty is the bottom of the harbour? We know the condition of the water in Sydney Harbour. But what about the mud at the bottom? Research by a team from CSIRO’s Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research led by Dr Graeme Batley has given us the tools to provide the answer. The team has developed consistent and reliable standards for measuring and managing contaminated sediments at the bottom of our rivers, estuaries and bays. Their research provides a scientific framework that allows government and industry to work together to protect the environment.

LEADERSHIP

British Council Eureka Prize for Innovation and Leadership in Environmental Science

Dr Mike Manefield, UNSW

Mike Manefield is intent upon cleaning up Australia–with the help of bugs. There are mountains of contaminated soil at industrial sites around Australia. Mike’s innovative research into bioremediation technologies is creating cultures of bacteria able to munch through this waste for breakfast. The bugs will start work at the Botany Industrial Park next year.

ATSE Clunies Ross Eureka Prize for Leadership in Business Innovation

Dr Graeme Blackman, Institute of Drug Technology Australia Ltd

For his outstanding contribution to the application of pharmaceutical science for the economic benefit of Australia. Graeme's leadership and entrepreneurial development of the Institute of Drug Technology Australia Limited (IDT) brings material and economic gain to Australia through the export of pharmaceutical goods and services to global markets.

CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science

Professor John Mattick, University of Queensland

Queensland - Australia’s Smart State! At the heart of this claim are key biological and biotechnology centres created by John Mattick, and the outstanding research being undertaken by them. John successfully caught the ear of the newly-elected Beattie government to highlight the enormous potential of biological and medical science and biotechnology, and has ensured that a commitment to biotechnology is at the centrepiece of the Smart State Strategy. Through energy, drive and intellect he has demonstrated an outstanding leadership in science.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Matthew Carney, Morag Ramsay, and Anne Connolly

For The Whale Wars, the story that proved, for the first time, the bribery and corruption behind Japan’s ability to secure votes at the International Whaling Commission (IWC). This report offered the hard evidence that Japan was bribing small island nation states with aid and paying all their expenses to make sure they attended the annual IWC forums.

Broadcast on Four Corners, ABC TV, 18 July 2005

Pfizer Australia Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Associate Professor Alex Barratt

Is early cancer detection a good thing? Alex Barratt’s thought-provoking series, prepared while she was a visiting broadcaster for Radio National’s Health Report, challenges long held beliefs about the benefits of early cancer detection. The series reported biological and clinical research that suggests that many of us have cancers we don’t need to know about.

Broadcast on The Health Report, ABC Radio National, 22, 29 August and 5 September 2005

NewScientist Eureka Prize for Photographic Journalism in Science, Technology and the Environment

Barry Slade

In May 2005, The Bulletin published a stunning image depicting the mystery and power of Kunjarra, a ceremonial site of Warumungu women in the Northern Territory. The photo, by Sydney photographer Barry Slade, captures the uniquely indigenous quality of the Australian landscape.

Published in The Bulletin, 10 - 16 May 2005

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Dr Fred Watson, Anglo-Australian Observatory

Not satisfied with being Astronomer in Charge at the Anglo-Australian Telescope and measuring the orbits of a million stars, Fred Watson insists on talking. Over the past 12 years, Fred has waged a tireless campaign to engage the public with astronomy through radio broadcasts, television appearances, school visits, books and articles – and the occasional song!

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Dr Jonica Newby and Chris Spurr

Jonica Newby and Chris Spurr created a set of three television stories that highlight the social impact of shifting sciencitific paradigms. The stories - dealing with the teenage brain, with oil industry fears about an imminent end of oil, and with species extiction – provide a compelling insight into how changes in science impact on society.

Broadcast on Catalyst, ABC TV, 28 July, 13 October and 24 November 2005

PEOPLE'S CHOICE

Australian Museum Eureka Prizes People’s Choice Award

Dr Francois Vaillant and Dr Mark Shackleton, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research

For research discovering mammary stem cells, the cells responsible for building the mammary gland. This work opens the way for the development of new drugs and treatments for breast cancer, as well as new possibilities for one day growing complex organs for use in humans.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

UTS - Holmes à Court Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Andy Flouris, Niddrie Secondary College, Vic.

In just 3 years of teaching, Andy Flouris has had an amazing impact. She encourages her student’s natural curiosity by listening to their questions and building the curriculum around their interests. Her creative approach to teaching has seen students debate designer babies with their parents, study the human body by comparing Commonwealth Games’ athletes and perform dances to explain cell divisions.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Joint winners

Rhianna B. Keebra Park State High School, QLD

The breakdown of the Polyethylene Polymer in the digestive juices of a turtle

The scourge of plastic bags in our oceans and their affect on marine life prompted Rhianna to investigate, using an artificial gastric solution resembling the digestive system of a turtle, whether protein and cellulose can be incorporated into a polyethylene polymer to increase its biodegradability.

and

Karina H., Emmanuel Anglican College, NSW

The Extinction Cycle Moon Hypothesis.

Karina’s project is an investigation and critical analysis into the possibility of the Earth having a ‘second captured moon’.

University of Sydney Faculty of Science Eureka Sleek Geek Schools Prize

Kartika S-M., Joanna B., and Rosa G., Conservatorium High School, NSW

For an entertaining look at moles (of the skin variety). Not afraid to ask the hard-hitting questions and seek expert advice, the team’s journalistic approach unearths some startling facts about moles.

21 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2007

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Professor Terry Hughes, James Cook University

For sustained world-class, ground-breaking scientific research on coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems. As arguably the world’s most prominent coral reef scientist, Professor Hughes has made a leading contribution to knowledge of coral reef ecology and to the management of coral reefs in Australia and internationally.

NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Sustainability Education

OzGREEN Youth in Action

For a distinctive sustainability learning and leadership program that empowers youth aged 15-25 to address critical social and ecological challenges and build sustainable futures. Focusing on active participation and passion and creativity sustained by ongoing support and national networks, OzGREEN fosters social entrepreneurship in Australian youth and equips and enables them to improve the environment and their lives.

IAG Eureka Prize for Innovative Solutions to Climate Change

West Arnhem Land Wildfire Abatement Project, Tropical Savannas CRC and Bushfires NT

For establishing innovative savanna burning greenhouse gas emissions abatement and accounting methods that can be practically applied by local communities in the fire-prone tropics of the world. The West Arnhem Land Wild Fire Abatement Project has demonstrated the commercial application of these methods which are delivering substantial, long-term financial support for greenhouse gas emission reduction, biodiversity conservation, indigenous employment and other benefits for indigenous culture and communities.

NSW Office for Science and Medical Research Jamie Callachor Eureka Prize for Medical Research

Professor Levon Khachigian, UNSW

For ground-breaking research that has revolutionised our understanding of transcriptional control in blood vessels using exceptionally-innovative small-molecule gene-targeting agents as inhibitors of angiogenesis, inflammation and intimal thickening. Professor Khachigian’s research potentially offers many important new therapeutic solutions addressing key basic and clinical challenges in the area of cardiovascular pathology.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Dr Catriona Mackenzie, Macquarie University

For innovative research on individual autonomy that emphasises the social and relational dimensions of human flourishing and the role of sympathetic imagination in our moral engagement with others. Dr Mackenzie applies this highly original ethical framework to a range of pressing contemporary issues in ethics, bioethics and research ethics.

Voiceless Eureka Prize for Research which Replaces the Use of Animals or Animal Products

Associate Professor Maria Kavallaris and Dr Sela Pouha, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia; and Dr Nicole Verrills, University of Newcastle

For the breakthrough development of new models of drug resistance within cancer cells in childhood leukaemia. Undertaking innovative work in differential proteonomics, Kavallaris, Pouha and Verrills’ research promises new treatment approaches for drug resistant cancers.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Dr John Church, CSIRO

For development of a cohesive global sea-level record that is being used to further our understanding of sea-level rise and to test climate change models. As the world’s leading authority on sea-level rise, Dr Church has been crucial in demonstrating that current climate change models underestimate the rate of sea-level rise. His research is playing a central role in helping governments understand and plan for the impacts of climate change.

Land & Water Australia Eureka Prize for Water Research and Innovation

Professor Shahbaz Khan and team members, CSIRO and Charles Sturt University

For ground breaking research - 'Water for a Healthy Country Flagship' - conducted to improve understanding of water, nutrients and salt balances in the Murrumbidgee River catchment in NSW. This research conducted through The Water for a Healthy Country Flagship, a CSIRO research initiative, is the first assessment of its kind for any catchment in Australia, establishing a critical framework against which to identify possible water savings and increase the efficiency of water management for irrigated agriculture in Australia.

LEADERSHIP

ATSE Clunies Ross Eureka Prize for Leadership in Business Innovation

Professor Mark Dodgson, University of Queensland

For his outstanding contribution to business innovation education, research and practice; his personal commitment and leadership role in developing and driving forward a new agenda for business and national innovation at the highest levels of government and corporate Australia; his unique ability to analyse and enable the process of innovation; and his passionate and demonstrated conviction that Australia can become an innovation leader.

CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science

Professor Max Coltheart, Macquarie University

For major influence in the field of cognitive psychology and his leadership role as a founder and world leader in the sub-discipline of cognitive neuropsychology. Over the past 40 years, Professor Coltheart has demonstrated high quality scientific leadership and innovation, making novel connections between disciplines, mobilizing talent, and cultivating passion and commitment. He is one of the world’s leading cognitive scientists with an unparalleled range and volume of publications, achievements and honours.

British Council Eureka Prize for Young Leaders in Environmental Issues and Climate Change

Nick Palousis, University of South Australia and Sustainable Business Practices

For an impressive range of activities in the development, implementation and communication of sustainable engineering and business solutions in the field of sustainability and climate change risk management. Nick’s current research program is developing an engineering design methodology to assist the manufacturing sector respond to climate change and materials reuse to encourage more proactive approaches to the development of profitable and sustainable solutions.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Wendy Frew, The Sydney Morning Herald

For sustained, critical and probing coverage throughout the year of Australia’s climate change debate and the ‘greenwash’ that colours many of the solutions proposed to deal with rising levels of greenhouse gas emissions.

Published in The Sydney Morning Herald, June 2006 - March 2007

Pfizer Australia Eureka Prize for Health and Medical Research Journalism

Associate Professor Alex Barratt, University of Sydney

For Facing the Evidence, a 2-part radio series explaining Evidence Based Medicine, a paradigm shift in clinical practice. The series explores how research evidence can be used to make better clinical decisions, how patients can suffer when this evidence isn’t used by doctors and what consumers can do about it.

Broadcast on The Health Report, ABC Radio National, 11 and 18 September 2006

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Dr Rob Morrison OAM, Flinders University

For sustained leadership and exceptional achievement in communicating science through education, outreach, mentoring, authorship, community involvement and innovative public programs. For 40 years, Dr Morrison has successfully initiated science programs at all levels, achieving national, international and local recognition as an extremely effective science communicator.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Edwin Punchard, Julia Redwood and Rhian Skirving, Prospero Productions

For The Kindness of Strangers, a compelling documentary, produced in the wake of the Asian Tsunami, that provides a powerful and moving report into the science of compassion. Observational and character driven, the film uses strong personal journeys and leading scientists to provide a unique and ultimately encouraging insight into the mysteries of altruism and the true nature of mankind.

Broadcast on ABC TV, 20 August 2006

New Scientist Eureka Prize for Science Photography

Joint winners

Steven Morton

'Levitated Drop of Blood'

Suspension of red blood cells levitated in an ultrasonic acoustic levitation device whilst being excited by red laser light. This setup enables us to probe the molecular structure of living cells without interference from any surface and without perturbing the morphology of the cells. Part of technique used by researchers at Monash University in Melbourne to monitor drug uptake by red blood cells that are affected by disease.

and

Rodney Vella

'Crystal Orb'

Crystal residue of an as-yet unidentified chemical in the bottom of a flask. The chemical was isolated during work to find environmentally-friendly pesticides. Certain tree species are naturally resistant to insecticidal attack. Researchers extract oil from these trees, separate its different chemical components and test its insecticidal qualities.

PEOPLE'S CHOICE

Australian Museum Eureka Prizes People’s Choice Award

Dr Hala Raghib

For development of a new drug-screening model using a human neuronal cell line to predict cardiac toxicity in pre-clinical trials. This new model offers greater predictability and accuracy than animal models and has the potential to reduce significantly the overall use of animals in pre-clinical drug testing.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

Holmes à Court-UTS Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Mason Scholes, Maningrida Community Education Centre, NT

For establishing a highly innovative, rigorous science-based program involving environmental investigations – the Maningrida Junior Ranger Program. Mason Scholes has incorporated unique community views, values, traditions and cultures into his teaching to successfully engage students and their communities in scientific study. Students have contributed to their own learning and the world of science, inter alia by finding a current total of 45 new species of spiders.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences

Robbi B-T., Great Lakes College, Tuncurry Senior Campus, NSW

For The Identification of Critical Salinity Thresholds for Upper Estuarine Plants, Year 11 student Robbi’s experiment used replicated, one-month exposures to twelve salinity concentrations for five different species. He hopes that his original findings will be used to develop flow restrictions in estuaries, minimise damage from water extraction and protect Australia’s unique estuarine environments.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Schools Prize

Tyler S., Melbourne High School, Vic. and Billy M., St Michael’s Grammar School St Kilda, Vic.

Alchemy: the Golden Age: a fast-moving investigative documentary about the ancient and often misunderstood practice of alchemy. Tyler and Billy use quality visuals, a great script and humour to give a comprehensive explanation of the role played by alchemy and alchemists in the history of science.

23 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2008

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

The National Carbon Accounting Team, CSIRO; Department of Climate Change; and Australian National University

For development of an internationally unique, world-leading National Carbon Accounting System (NCAS) to monitor and predict greenhouse gas emissions and uptake from land-based activities. Through innovative environmental research and open and comprehensive collaboration with a wide range of stakeholders, the NCAS has developed as a uniquely comprehensive system. The NCAS has been chosen as the basis for a Global Carbon Monitoring System to underpin emissions trading and sustainable forestry on a global scale.

NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change Allen Strom Eureka Prize for Environmental Sustainability Education

Birds in Backyards, Birds Australia and the Australian Museum

For Birds in Backyards, a unique and highly-effective community-based program that enhances biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes while building understanding of the central role of biodiversity in sustainability. Building on the joy of birds and gardens, and utilising the interactive resources of the web, this innovative program combines sustainability education and participatory scientific research.

IAG Eureka Prize for Innovative Solutions to Climate Change

School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW

For pioneering research and breakthrough achievements in photovoltaic technology, solar cell efficiency and cost effectiveness. Through world-class research and commercial application, the School is leading the photovoltaic revolution by advancing the transformation of solar cells from a marginal technology to a viable alternative to fossil fuels as a way of meeting global energy demands.

NSW Office for Science and Medical Research Jamie Callachor Eureka Prize for Medical Research

Professor Trevor Kilpatrick, University of Melbourne and Howard Florey Institute

For highly distinctive, leading edge research integrating world class activity in neurogenetics and neurobiology to provide a better understanding of brain repair in multiple sclerosis. Through intense scientific curiosity combined with deep clinical knowledge and experience, Professor Kilpatrick's group has discovered fundamental brain responses that can either worsen or improve MS-related brain damage. They are now searching for new treatments to repair this damage.

DSTO Eureka Prize for Outstanding Science in Support of Defence or National Security

Microelectronics Research Group, University of Western Australia

For pioneering work in the research and development of microspectrometer sensing technology, a paradigm shift in infrared imaging systems that allows infrared spectral characterisation, providing dramatically improved threat and target recognition in real time, at longer distances and with higher reliability than current systems. While primarily aimed at defence applications, the technology is being applied to agriculture and food science, and opens new possibilities for biological and chemical sensing.

ABRS Eureka Prize for Outstanding Taxonomic Research

Dr Bill Humphreys, Western Australian Museum

For his continued research into the discovery and taxonomic description of invertebrate animals associated with subterranean ecosystems, and for working with government and industry to enhance their conservation.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Professor Garrett Cullity, University of Adelaide

For The Moral Demands of Affluence, a book that examines whether and to what extent well-to-do individuals are obliged to help others less well off, and arrives at a conclusion that is at once both demanding and moderate: that we are morally required to assist the needy, but that the limits to beneficence arise precisely from the conditions that give rise to the moral demand in the first place – the common human interest in having a well-lived life.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Professor Stephen Simpson, University of Sydney

For research, synthesised across disciplines and employing a diversity of techniques in novel contexts, that has discovered the mechanisms that induce swarming in locusts, revolutionised our understanding of the dietary causes of human obesity and overturned the central dogma in research on aging. Simpson’s research has been described as ‘one of the most ambitious, far reaching and integrative research enterprises in modern biology’.

Voiceless Eureka Prize for Scientific Research that Contributes to Animal Protection

Dr Maxine Piggott, Monash University

For outstanding research into the development of novel DNA methods to study wildlife populations without animal capture or handling. These new methods of species and individual identification from field collected sources of DNA (faeces or hairs) eliminate any risk of stress, injury or death to animals and are of particular benefit to endangered species.

Land & Water Australia Eureka Prize for Water Research and Innovation

Professor Matthew England, Dr Caroline Ummenhofer, Dr Alex Sen Gupta, Dr Agus Santoso, UNSW and Dr Mike Pook, CSIRO

For innovative and significant research that has discovered a pattern of Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures that leads to drought seasons over Australia, Indonesia and Africa. The identification of an oceanic precursor to drought periods, and pioneering research on improved predictability of climate extremes originating in the extratropics, provide vital information for the improved management of Western Australia’s freshwater supply and for the region’s agricultural sector.

LEADERSHIP

CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science

Professor Robert Clark, UNSW

For vision and inspired leadership in creating and directing the ARC Centre for Quantum Computer Technology and his leadership and support of nanotechnology and quantum information science in Australia and internationally. Under Dr Clark’s dedicated and dynamic leadership, the Centre has harnessed expertise in single atom nanoelectronics and single photon photonics, and established Australia as a leading contributor to one of the major challenges of the 21 century – construction of the first quantum computer.

British Council Eureka Prize for Young Leaders in Environmental Issues and Climate Change

Nicole Kuepper, UNSW

For visionary leadership and technical expertise in the development of cutting-edge photovoltaic technology, and for promotion and advocacy of energy efficient practices and renewable sources of energy. Nicole has designed and patented a cheap, simple and innovative photovoltaic device that can be manufactured without costly equipment or high temperature processes, so offering the hope of affordable electricity to over two billion people worldwide.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Mathew Murphy and Ruth Williams, The Age

For How Green is Greenwash?, a groundbreaking and major investigation into the new green economy - including carbon audits, carbon offsets and the use of “green” claims in advertising. This insightful report provides a penetrating look at some of the potential market solutions to climate change that, through lack of regulation and unclear definition, are in danger of suffering credibility loss.

Published in The Age, 23 and 25 February 2008

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Professor Richard Kingsford, UNSW

For his inspirational and tireless campaign to promote and explain the science of rivers, wetlands and their dependent organisms beyond the scientific community to the Australian public at large. Professor Kingsford’s work has identified controversial issues of water management, raised the capacity of inland river communities to understand the science of rivers, effected major government policy change and generated wide media coverage that has increased the community’s understanding of water management.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Richard Smith, Lile Judickas, Maria Ceballos-Wallis and Sonya Pemberton

For Crude, a timely and compelling documentary that provides an engaging and comprehensive guide to oil, the lifeblood of the modern world. This watershed documentary reveals the intimate connection between the formation of an oil deposit and the log-term regulation of the planet’s climate.

Broadcast on ABC TV, 24 May 2007

New Scientist Eureka Prize for Science Photography

Phred Petersen

Blast Wave

For a photograph showing how the blast wave from the explosion of a percussion cap on the tip of a toy rocket is propagated and reflected.

PEOPLE'S CHOICE

Australian Museum Eureka Prizes People’s Choice Award

Nicole Kuepper, UNSW

For development of cutting-edge photovoltaic technology and for promotion and advocacy of energy efficient practices and renewable sources of energy. Nicole has designed and patented a cheap, simple and innovative photovoltaic device that can be manufactured without costly equipment or high temperature processes.

Australian Museum Eureka Prize for Rewarding Excellence in Australian Science 1996-2008

Roger Muller, Australian Museum

For his years of service and extraordinary skill in transforming a science award scheme from good to truly excellent, the ‘Oscars’ of Australian science. This prize was awarded in recognition of his personal contribution and dedication to the promotion of Australian science.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

Holmes à Court-UTS Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Ranjith Dediwalage, St Leonard’s College, Vic.

For significant and positive impact on the participation and performance of students in science - in particular, the Sustainable Living by the Bay Year 8 science program initiated and implemented by Ranjith to develop independent learning skills, encourage creative and critical thinking in students and provide opportunities for them to develop strategies to deal with change in their future lives.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Action Against Climate Change

Daniel O., Pacific Hills Christian School, NSW

Eric and Julie go to School: an Investigation of School Travel Carbon Emissions, a revealing study of the carbon footprint of Pacific Hills Christian School. By surveying the travel habits of fellow students, Daniel concluded that if every child in his school caught the bus, the schools carbon footprint could be reduced by a staggering 80%.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Schools Prize - Primary

Tom B., Cally-Rose W., Alex R., and Madison W., Table Cape Primary School, Tas.

Eureka! - A stunning clay animation showing why Mr Archimedes had such a problem taking a bath. With painstaking detail this film recreates Archimedes bathroom and shows how and why buoyancy can be such a troublesome thing.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Schools Prize - Secondary

Mitchell C., Melbourne High School, Vic.

The Copernican System - Using mind-blowing animation and clever graphics, this short film retells the history of earth-shattering scientific discoveries that we now take for granted.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Schools Prize - University

Michael van Drempt, University of Sydney

A fundamental misunderstanding - This fast-paced animation takes a light-hearted look at a pretty heavy topic - the evolution of our understanding of the fundamental make-up of our universe. It will leave you gasping for breath.

21 Eureka Prizes were awarded in 2009

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Australian Biological Resources Study Eureka Prize for Early Career Species Discovery

Dr Conrad Hoskin, Australian National University

Making sense of the complexity of evolution and discovering new species along the way.

Sherman Eureka Prize for Environmental Research

Professor Hugh Possingham and Matthew Watts, University of Queensland; and Dr Ian Ball, Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts

The Marxan Development Team: free software taking the guess-work out of conservation planning around the globe.

Australian Research Council Eureka Prize for Excellence in Research by an Interdisciplinary Team

Professor David Pannell and Sally Marsh, University of Western Australia; Dr Anna Roberts and Jennifer Alexander, Victorian Department of Primary Industries; and Geoff Park, North Central Catchment Management Authority

An investment Framework for Environmental Resources combines biophysical, economic and social research enabling managers to make the best decisions about protecting environmental assets.

NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change Eureka Prize for Innovative Solutions to Climate Change

Sydney Climate Change Adaptation Initiative

Arming local governments with the knowledge and capacity to adapt to climate change on a city-scale.

NSW Office for Science and Medical Research Jamie Callachor Eureka Prize for Medical Research

Dr Paul Beggs, Macquarie University

Predicting life for allergy sufferers in a future world of climate change.

Defence Science and Technology Organisation Eureka Prize for Outstanding Science in Support of Defence or National Security

CSIRO Air Cargo Scanner Team

World-first scanning technology for interrogating air cargo that reveals the composition of contents enabling accurate detection of contraband.

Australian Catholic University Eureka Prize for Research in Ethics

Dr Neil Levy, Melbourne University

Substantial body of work on “neuroethics” – the ethics of the science of the mind.

UNSW Eureka Prize for Scientific Research

Professor Justin Gooding, UNSW

Pioneering surface chemistry producing better biosensors for use in medicine, environmental science, defence and security.

Voiceless Eureka Prize for Scientific Research that Contributes to Animal Protection

Dr Kishore Prayaga, Dr Max Mariasegaram and Stephanie Sinclair, CSIRO; and Dr Carol Petherick, Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries

Revolutionising cattle breeding through impressive research into the genetics of breeding polledness in Brahman cattle while developing farmer-friendly strategies for dehorning.

Land & Water Australia Professor Peter Cullen Eureka Prize for Water Research and Innovation

Professor Brett Neilan, UNSW

Safeguarding our health and water security through world-first identification of the biochemical pathways responsible for potent blue-green algae toxins.

LEADERSHIP

CSIRO Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science

Professor Michael Good, Queensland Institute of Medical Research

World renowned immunologist leads the Australian medical research sector to consolidation and reform, and takes to new heights one of the country’s largest medical research institutes.

SCIENCE COMMUNICATION

Australian Government Peter Hunt Eureka Prize for Environmental Journalism

Marian Wilkinson, Neale Maude, Kate Wild and Ruth Fogarty, 4 Corners

The Tipping Point an in-depth report on the summer sea ice melt of the Arctic showing the enormity of the climate change problem.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Promoting Understanding of Science

Scitech Outreach Programs

Taking diverse science experiences to our most isolated communities and regional centres to inspire the young and their families.

Australian Government Eureka Prize for Science Journalism

Annamaria Talas and Simon Nasht, Real Pictures; and Aline Jacques, Essential Media and Entertainment

How Kevin Bacon Cured Cancer explores the science behind ‘Six Degrees of Separation’.

New Scientist Eureka Prize for Science Photography

Joint winners

Ron Oldfield

Dictyostelium Slugs - Dictyostelium consist of amoeba-like separate cells, that when challenged by adverse conditions, aggregate to form a migrating mass.

and

Philip Taylor

Air Release - Capturing the moment when air is released from an immersed modelling balloon when punctured.

PEOPLE'S CHOICE

Australian Museum Eureka Prizes People’s Choice Award

Dr Katherine Belov, University of Sydney

Saving the Tassie Devil by identifying the link between genetics and the occurrence of the Devil Facial Tumour Disease.

SCHOOL SCIENCE

University of Technology Sydney Eureka Prize for Science Teaching

Lorraine Ellis, Newton Moore Senior High School, WA

Empowering students to actively participate in the management, care and advocacy of their local environment.

Macquarie University Eureka Schools Prize for Action Against Climate Change

Charles V. and Tom R., Melbourne Grammar School, Vic.

Going Solar - Persuasive investigation of the costs and benefits associated with installing solar panel cells to Melbourne Grammar Senior School.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Prize - Primary

Emma G., Michael M., Ava A., Dylan L., Katherine H., and Kiara L., St Therese Primary School, NSW

Kiara’s Gift - Drawing on the talent of a range of ages, this factual dramatisation explains how Kiara’s new heart works.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Prize - Secondary

Jordan F., and Rohan F., Central Coast Grammar School, NSW

Rojo and J-Dizzles Incredible Sound Vibes - Two dudes, kept in by bad weather, question the science behind sound and end up on a journey of discovery.

University of Sydney Sleek Geeks Science Eureka Prize - University

Thomas McKeith and William Howarth, University of Sydney

Catalyst - Simple props, a party with friends and clever film techniques combine to show how a catalyst works.