EdTech challenge: environmental sustainability

Audience

Secondary school
Learning stage

Stage 4, Stage 5

IBM EdTech Youth Challenge projects to help reduce consumption and degradation of natural resources, and the effects climate change is having on our world.

Research at the outer reef near Lizard Island Research Station.

Please note: entries to the IBM EdTech Challenge have now closed. The winning teams will be announced on Friday 12 November 2021.

About

Case Studies

Role of AI

Many of the Earth's resources are being depleted faster than they can be renewed. This means that we are living in an ecologically unsustainable way. In order to support environmental sustainability and conserve Australia's biodiversity, we will have to embrace new and sometimes quite radical management practices of Earth's resources.

How can we use AI and design thinking methodologies to produce solutions that can help achieve ecological sustainability?

Watch and read the information and definitions below to learn more about sustainability and how it is linked to biodiversity and climate change to define your IBM EdTech Youth Challenge project problem to solve. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals are an ideal starting point to looking at local problems within a global context of sustainability issues. Citizen science projects Wildlife Spotter and Australasian Fishes Project are project case studies and resources that may also inspire and encourage you to think about possible environmental sustainability research to focus on. There are also examples of potential applications of AI in citizen science which can be used for brainstorming innovative ideas for AI applications to address environmental sustainability problems. Information on next steps of the challenge and additional resources will help guide and inspire the focus of your IBM EdTech Youth Challenge project on environmental sustainability concerns in your local community and beyond.

AI and design thinking for environmental sustainability

Welcome to the IBM EdTech Youth Challenge, an opportunity for your team to learn how to apply design thinking and artificial intelligence solutions to enhance environmental sustainability in our region. For years we've been living in an ecologically unsustainable way depleting the earth's resources with climate change threatening the very systems that support life on earth. Working towards environmental sustainability is now more urgent than ever, so we can conserve Australia's biodiversity for future generations.

Let's hear from the Australian Museum's Sustainability Coordinator, Zehra Ahmed as she discusses how the AM is leading the way in sustainability and how the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals can inspire you to apply technology and AI to achieve ongoing sustainable outcomes. Paul Flemons, who manages Digital Collections and Citizen Science programs at the Australian Museum discusses the role that citizen science can play in conserving our biodiversity, which is so critical to protecting our planet.

Environmental sustainability is incredibly important. The reason why is that the natural world is rapidly disappearing and if it disappears so do we. So the key about environmental sustainability is how do we live without jeopardising our future and future generations. At the museum we're the first natural history museum in Australia to be carbon neutral. So how did we do this and how is data important? Firstly, we did a map of all of our emissions. This is through a carbon footprint. This is so important because it shows you exactly where all of your emissions are and how to prioritise them and how to reduce them. We often say if you can't measure something you can't manage it so having an understanding of exactly how much energy you're using and where, means that you can put in often really simple solutions. You can have lights with sensors that use a very small amount of energy and it makes a drastic difference to your overall energy consumption.

Citizen science is the involvement of basically the public in helping with scientific research. The Australian Museum runs some fantastic citizen science projects. FrogID is a project that involves citizens gathering data from out in the wild using a mobile phone app. Wildlife Spotter enables scientists to better understand how animals will respond to things like bushfires and other disasters which can affect biodiversity. The Australasian Fishes Project involves people from all around Australia collecting images of fish from their local area and contributing them to the iNaturalist website where they are identified by a combination of AI and citizen scientists. The Atlas of Living Australia website aggregates data from museum collections all around Australia. So if you want data just for your local area, go to the Atlas of Living Australia website, do a search for your area and download the data for use in the In the EdTech Youth Challenge.

I encourage you to think about the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Think about how this applies to a problem or an issue and how you can look at technology and artificial intelligence to come up with solutions that work towards these important goals.

We're really excited to see your solutions in your EdTech Youth Challenge and what solutions technology can hold to help solve these problems. Hearing about how The Australian Museum is working towards becoming a sustainable organisation and about our leadership in citizen science projects may inspire your project focus for the IBM EdTech Youth Challenge. Can you think of an environmental issue of concern in your community or how AI solutions could help your school to become more sustainable? We need your ideas to help humanity be more environmentally conscious, reduce consumption and degradation of natural resources and understand the effects of climate change on our world and lives.

Discover the additional resources on the environmental sustainability page and check out the links to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Atlas of Living Australia as you plan your IBM Edtech Youth Challenge project. There's also an inquiry form if you have any specific questions for our experts. We're looking forward to seeing your submissions to the IBM EdTech Youth Challenge.

Image classification in citizen science

Citizen Science programs provide a crucial source of data about biodiversity and the effects of climate change on ecological sustainability. It relies on public participation in scientific research to help us to gain insights into our environment and create additional data sources.

Wildlife Spotter and Australasian Fishes Project are some examples of image classification projects that rely on citizen scientists to classify images according to taxon/species. These projects present many opportunities for technologies such as AI to make even more significant contributions. Below you will find examples of potential applications of AI in citizen science which can be used as a great starting point to inspire and encourage you to brainstorm further innovative concepts.

Project case study: Wildlife Spotter

Australian Museum's DigiVol’s Wildlife Spotter is an image-processing platform to support the tagging of thousands of images of wildlife, and their behaviours, taken by camera traps. In 2020, citizen scientists have transcribed over 2.4 million animal identifications in images on DigiVol's Wildlife Spotter. This vital information will help Australian researchers monitor and protect Australia's iconic wildlife.

How does it work?

Each Wildlife Spotter project outlines a set of tasks to be completed by citizen scientists. The data submitted will provide insights that can feed directly to conservation management. Contributors learn how to:

ID animals and tag the images

Identification guide on how to ID the animals with a list of key features and images.
Identify the animal/s on each image

Identify animal/s in each image by matching them to a specified list. Images are captured in bursts of three so citizen scientists can look at the movement of the animal/s to help identify them. You can skip the image if you don't know what the species is.
Choose the number of individuals

Count the number of animals in the image. If there is more than one type of animal, then select the additional animal and indicate the number.
Add notes to anything to anything of interest

Add notes of an unlisted animal that you know the common name of.

Project case study: Australasian Fishes Project

Barrier Reef Anemonefish, Amphiprion akindynos

Australasian Fishes Project

The Australasian Fishes Project on iNaturalist is a citizen science project that creates an extensive 'image library' to identify fishes, map their distributions and investigate changes in growth.

The project is a collaboration between the public, industry partners and professional ichthyologists at a number of Australian and New Zealand museums and other fish-related institutions.

This crucial data gives us insights into the impacts of climate change such as coral bleaching and its effect on marine biodiversity and health.

How does it work?

The Australasian Fishes Project is a community based project that allows anyone to upload images of their observation and share it. Other members of the community can also help identify your observation if you are unsure of certain fields. For research quality observations that can be used for science, submissions require all fields outlined below.

Who you are

You will need to make an iNaturalist account to post your personal observations.
What you saw

You can identify what you saw. If you capture a photo, you can leave this field blank and the community can help.
Where you saw it

Record the coordinates of the encounter.
When you saw it

Record the date of your encounter.
Evidence of what you saw

Upload clear photos of your observation and include different angles. The community can help add, improve or confirm the identification of the organism you encountered.

Role of AI in citizen science

Advances in AI technologies that allow computers and machines to function in an intelligent manner are now being applied in citizen science.

Paul Flemons (Manager of Citizen Science at the AM), discusses whether AI is a threat to Citizen Science and explores the opportunities and risks that it presents. A recent publication that he co-authored, looks at how AI is already influencing this field through a range of technologies that assist/replace humans in completing tasks, influence human behaviour and improve insights into data.

Citizen science projects that use image based classification systems to identify animals have great potential for AI application. Some examples of possible applications are outlined below to serve as a springboard for further brainstorming ideas.

How AI can assist in citizen science
Task	Example
Classifying images	AI can be used in image classification such as species identification.
Filtering out repetitive and mundane tasks	AI can be used to speed up and filter out repetitive and mundane tasks eg. filtering out images that don't have animals. This allows citizen scientists to focus on work that is more interesting or requires further knowledge and expertise.
Digitisation (converting information into a digital format) of biodiversity research	AI can help digitise biodiversity research through identifying and sorting museum specimen labels.

Source:

Ceccaroni, L., Bibby, J., Roger, E., Flemons, P., Michael, K., Fagan, L. and Oliver, J.L. (2019) Opportunities and Risks for Citizen Science in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 4(1), p.29. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.241

Documents & datasets

Next steps

Register to participate in the IBM EdTech Youth Challenge and review the Project Guide and Project Logbook. Follow the Project Guide steps to identify issues around health concerns and how AI technology and design thinking can be applied.

Problem identification

Describe a local environmental sustainability problem.
Knowledge of AI

Is there an AI solution to assist in solving this problem?
Understanding the user

Who will benefit from the solution and how.
Brainstorm solutions

Document how creative and critical thinking were used to brainstorm, with one solution being prioritised.
Data

Identify potential data sources, and investigate a data sample and privacy issues.

Additional resources

Books:

People on Country: Vital Landscapes, Indigenous Futures

Jon Altman and Seán Kerins (2012), Indigenous Futures, Sydney: The Federation Press.
The Future We Choose: Surviving the Climate Crisis

Christiana Figueres and Tom Rivett-Carnac (2020), London: Manilla Press.
Sunlight and Seaweed: An Argument for How to Feed, Power and Clean Up the World

Tim Flannery (2019), Melbourne: The Text Publishing Company.
The Climate Cure: Solving the Climate Emergency in the Era of COVID-19.

Tim Flannery (2020), Melbourne: The Text Publishing Company.
2040: A Handbook for the Regeneration

Damon Gameau (2019), Pan Macmillan Australia.
Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming

Paul Hawken (2017), Penguin Books, UK.
How to Talk About Climate Change in a way that Makes a Difference

Rebecca Huntley (2020), Sydney: Murdoch Books.

Learn more

Sustainability

As a leading natural history and cultural institution, the Australian Museum (AM) has a responsibility to educate, inspire and act on environmental sustainability.

What are we doing?
Achieving climate neutral

Learn more

Climate change

The Australian Museum has been involved in raising awareness and researching impacts of climate change for over a decade.

What are we doing?
What is climate change?

Learn more

Monograph of the Paradiseidae or Birds of Paradise and Ptilonorh

Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the variety of all living things; the different plants, animals and micro organisms, the genetic information they contain and the ecosystems they form.

About biodiversity
Biodiversity is vital

Andrew Trevor-Jones, citizen scientist for Australasian Fishes

Citizen science projects

Discover our citizen science projects and discover how you can get involved and contribute to the Australian Museum.

DigiVol
FrogID App
Australasian Fishes

Get involved

DigiVol

Help us digitise our collection!

DigiVol Lab
DigiVol Online

Get involved

Australasian Fishes project

Building up an extensive ‘image library’ that can be used to identify fishes, to map their distributions, to investigate changes in growth and other issues.